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الإسكندرية |
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Alexandria - a World City of Egypt |
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Alexandria
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Alexandria
(Greek Aleksándreia, Coptic Rakotə, Arabic: الإسكندرية
,tran: Al-Iskandariya), (population of 3.5 to 5 million),
is the second largest city in Egypt, and its most major seaport.
Alexandria extends about 20 miles (32 km) up and down the
Mediterranean sea in southwest Egypt. It is home to the
Bibliotheca Alexandrina, the New Library of Alexandria, and is an
important industrial centre because of the natural gas and oil
pipelines from Suez. In ancient times, the city was known for the Lighthouse of Alexandria (one of the Seven Wonders of the World)* and the Library of Alexandria (the largest library in the ancient world). Ongoing maritime archaeology in the harbor of Alexandria(which began in 1994) is revealing details of Alexandria during the Ptolemaic dynasty. *
The Seven Wonders of the World (or the Seven Wonders of
the Ancient World) is a widely-known list of seven remarkable
constructions of classical antiquity. The earliest known version
of the list was compiled in the 2nd century BC by Antipater of
Sidon; it appears to be based on the guide-books popular among
Hellenic sight-seers and only includes works located around the
Mediterranean rim. Listed
in order of their construction, the seven wonders are:
Of these, the only one which has survived to the present day is the oldest—the Great Pyramid at Giza. The Great Pyramid was built by the ancient Egyptians, the Hanging Gardens by the Babylonians, and the Maussollos Mausoleum by the Hellenized Carians; the Lighthouse of Alexandria and the Colossus of Rhodes by Hellenistic civilization; the others were built by the ancient Greeks. Interestingly, two of the wonders, the Temple of Artemis and the Statue of Zeus, were destroyed by fire, and three of the other wonders, the Lighthouse of Alexandria, Colossus, and Mausoleum of Maussollos, were destroyed by earthquakes. By the Courtesy of Wikipedia |
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